How to Shoot Action
Lynne Eodice, July, 2004
There are different ways to reveal
motion in a photo—you can freeze the action, blur it, or pan along with
it. (You can even fake it by holding a Cokin Super-Speed filter in front of
your compact camera’s lens.) The next time you’re taking pictures
of a child’s soccer game or horses running across a field, you may want
to experiment with some of the techniques outlined in this article. You don’t
need a sophisticated SLR with a variety of lenses, either. A compact camera
with a built-in zoom will do just fine. Have fun and practice, practice, practice!
By familiarizing yourself with these techniques, you’ll increase your
chances of getting great action images.
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One
way to depict motion is by allowing moving subjects to become
blurred as they move across your field of view.
Reader photo by Susan Caranci, Sewell, NJ
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A fast shutter speed is necessary
to stop action. If you have a compact point-and-shoot or digital camera, simply
select your camera’s sports mode, which automatically utilizes a fast
shutter speed. If your camera allows you to override its automatic features,
then you may be able to set a shutter speed manually. (The most effective shutter
speeds for freezing action range from 1¼500–1¼5000.) When
doing this, you’ll also want to use a fast film in the ISO 400–1600
range, or a comparable ISO setting on your digital camera. Your camera’s
flash can also aid in freezing motion, as its duration is so brief. Flash is
a good tool to use when the ambient light is low (but avoid using flash if you’re
in a situation where you may distract performers or athletes).
Besides setting your camera on its sports mode and using fast film, a good stop-action
photo requires a little planning. If you can foresee the path your subject will
follow, determine in advance where your best vantage point will be to get the
best angle. Consider your lighting and background. It’s also important
to anticipate the moment of peak action you want to freeze. For instance, when
shooting a baseball game you may want to get close to home plate and press the
shutter button a split-second before the batter hits the ball.
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When using blur to show action, make sure that stationary objects
remain sharp by using a tripod.
Reader photo by Deborah Osborne, Castle Rock, CO
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At the opposite end of the spectrum,
you can effectively show motion by allowing a moving subject to become blurred
as it moves across your field of view. To do this, you’ll need to use
a slow shutter speed, which can be accessed by using your camera’s landscape
mode. Keep in mind that a subject passing across your field of view blurs more
easily than one headed straight toward you, and a close subject blurs more than
a distant one moving at the same speed. Using a slower ISO 100 film or an equivalent
setting on your digital camera will help you achieve soft, blurred results.
And to make sure that stationary objects in your photo remain sharp, use a tripod
or another means of steady camera support. You can render everything soft in
your photo, however, if you combine the landscape mode (or a slow shutter speed)
with a bit of camera movement.
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